Becoming a U.S. Citizen: A Step-by-Step Guide for Immigrants

Are you considering becoming a U.S. citizen? The naturalization process can seem complex, but with the right information and support, it’s an achievable goal. At Namona, a trusted family immigration law firm, we are dedicated to helping families navigate the U.S. immigration process. Here’s a simple guide to understanding naturalization, including the timeline, costs, and requirements.

What is Naturalization?

Naturalization is the process through which an immigrant becomes a U.S. citizen. This process is available to certain immigrants, including green card holders (permanent residents) for 3-5 years or those meeting specific military service requirements.

What is Citizenship?

Citizenship is the status granted to individuals born to U.S. citizens or those who successfully complete the naturalization process. Being an American citizen comes with various advantages and responsibilities.

Naturalization Timeline

From filing your citizenship application to attending the Oath of Allegiance ceremony, the current naturalization processing time is approximately 4.9 months.

Naturalization Cost

The current government filing fee for naturalization applications is $760. Military applicants are exempt from this fee. Additionally, filing online can save you $50 on the application fee.

Eligibility for Naturalization

Eligibility for naturalization generally depends on factors such as:

• Length of time holding a green card

• Time physically spent living in the U.S.

• Military service

Common Eligibility Scenarios

1. Green Card Holders: Apply after 5 years of holding a green card and living in the U.S. for at least 30 months.

2. Spouses of U.S. Citizens: Apply after 3 years of marriage and living in the U.S. for at least 18 months.

3. Widows/Widowers of U.S. Military: Apply anytime if living with the spouse at the time of their death.

4. Military Service Members: Different rules apply based on service during peacetime or wartime.

Naturalization Requirements

To proceed with naturalization, you must:

• Be at least 18 years old

• Not have taken long trips outside the U.S. during the wait period

• Have good moral character

• Pass a naturalization test (English and civics)

• Be willing to serve in the U.S. military or perform civilian service if needed

• Register with the Selective Service System if male and aged 18-25

• Be willing to defend the U.S. Constitution

The Naturalization Process

Step 1: Application

File Form N-400 and pay the filing fee. You can apply online or by mail.

Step 2: Biometrics Appointment

Get your fingerprints taken at a local USCIS office for a background check.

Step 3: Citizenship Interview and Exam

Attend an interview and take a two-part naturalization test (English language and civics).

Step 4: Oath of Allegiance

Complete the process by attending an Oath of Allegiance ceremony. You’ll receive a Certificate of Naturalization and officially become a U.S. citizen.

Benefits of Naturalization

As a U.S. citizen, you will enjoy benefits such as:

• Voting rights

• Eligibility to run for office

• No more immigration forms

• Access to new employment opportunities

• Greater access to government assistance programs

• Protection from deportation

• Ability to sponsor relatives for immigration

• Automatic citizenship for your children

• A U.S. passport with visa-free access to over 180 countries

Special Considerations

Before starting your journey toward U.S. citizenship, consider the following responsibilities:

• Possible renouncement of other citizenships

• Potential military service

• Jury duty requirements

• Lifelong obligation to file U.S. income tax returns

• Scrutiny of criminal history

Becoming a U.S. citizen is a rewarding journey that brings many benefits and responsibilities. If you're ready to take this important step, Namona is here to guide you through the naturalization process with expert support. Contact us today to learn more about how we can help you and your family achieve your immigration goals.